Selections for Translation
I. Buddheniy Vatthu: Story of Buddheni
Jambud´pe kira pubbe pÊaliputtanagare satts´ti-koÊi-nihita-dhanaµ ekaµ seÊÊhi-kulaµ ahosi. Tassa pana seÊÊhino ek y'eva dh´t ahosi - nmena Buddhen´ nma. Tassa satta-vassika-kle mt-pitaro klamakaµsu. Tasmiµ kule sabbaµ spateyyaµ tass y'eva ahosi.
S kira abhirèp psdik paramya vaööapokkharatya samanngat devacchar-paÊibhg piy ca ahosi manp saddh pasann ratanattayammik paÊivasati. Tasmiµ pana nagare seÊÊhisenpati - uparjdayo taµ attano pdaparikattaµ kmayamn manusse pesesuµ paöökrehi saddhiµ. S taµ sutv cintesi:- mayhaµ mtpitaro sabbaµ vibhavaµ pahya mat. May'pi tath gantabbaµ. Kiµ me patikulena. Kevalaµ citta-vinsya bhavati. May pan'imaµ dhanaµ Buddha-ssane y'eva nidahituµ vaÊÊat´'ti cintesi. Cintetv ca pana tesaµ mayhaµ patikulena'ttho'ti paÊikkhipi.
S tato paÊÊhya mahdnaµ pavattent´ samaöa-brhmaöe santappesi.
Ath'parabhge eko assa-vöijako assa-vöijjya pubbant'parantaµ gacchanto gamma imasmiµ gehe nivsaµ gaöhi. Atha so vöijo taµ disv dh´tu-sinehaµ patiÊÊhpetv gandha-ml - vatth - 'laºkrd´hi tass upakrako hutv gamanakle - "Amma etesu assesu tava ruccanakaµ assaµ gaöhh´" ti ha.
S'pi asse oloketv ekaµ sindhavapotakaµ disv "etaµ me deh´' " ti ha.
Vöijo - "Amma eso sindhavapotako. Appamatt hutv paÊijaggh´' " ti vatv taµ paÊipdetv agamsi.
S'pi taµ paÊijaggamn ksa - gm´ - bhvaµ atv sammpaÊijaggant´ evaµ cintesi - puakaraöassa me sahyo laddho'ti agatapubb ca me Bhagavato sakalaµ mrabalaµ vidhmetv Buddhabhètassa Jaya-mah Bodhi-bhèmi. Yannènhaµ tattha gantv Bhagavato Jayamah-bodhiµ vandeyyan'ti cintetv bahè rajata-suvaööa-mldayo krpetv ekadivasaµ assam' abhiruyha ksena gantv bodhi-mlake Êhatv - îgacchantu ayya suvaööaml pèjetun'ti ugghosesi - ten'ettha:
Yato paÊÊhya'haµ
Buddha - ssane suddha-mnas
Pasunn tena saccena - mamanuggaha-buddhiy
îgacchantu namassantu -
bodhiµ pèjentu sdhukaµ
Soööamlhi Sambuddha - putt
ariyasvak
Sutv taµ vacanaµ
ayy - bahè S´lavsino
îgamma nabhas tattha - vandiµsu ca mahiµsu ca.
Tato-ppabhuti s kumrik Buddha-ssane at´'va pasann niccameva assamabhiruyha gantv ariyehi saddhiµ Mahbodhiµ suvaööamlbhi pèjetv gacchati.
Atha PÊaliputta-nagar'opavane vanacar tassa abhiöhaµ gacchantiy ca gacchantiy ca rèpasampattiµ disv rao kathesuµ. "Èahrja, evarèp kumrik assam'abhiruyha gantv nibandhaµ vanditv gacchati. Devassnurèaµ aggamahesi bhavitun' " ti.
Rj taµ sutv "Tena hi bhane gaöhatha naµ kumriµ Mama aggamahesiµ karom´" ti, purise payojesi.
Tena payutt puris Bodhi-pèjaµ katv gacchantiµ gaöhm'ti tattha nil´n gahaöa-sajj aÊÊhaµsu. Tad s kumrik assam'abhiruyha Mah-Bodhimaö¶aµ gantv v´targehi saddhiµ pupphapèjaµ katv vanditv nivatti. Atha tesu eko Dhammarakkhitatthero nma tass eva'mha: "Bhagini, tvaµ antarmagge cor gaöhitukm Êhit. AsukhaÊÊhnaµ patv appamatt s´ghaµ gacch" ti.
S pi gacchant´ taµ Êhnaµ patv corehi anubandhit assassa paöhiy saaµ datv pakkami. Cor pacchato pacchato anubandhiµsu. Asso vegaµ janetv ksa'mullanghi. Kumrik vegaµ sandhretuµ asakkont´ assassa piÊÊhito parigilitv patant´ - may katèpakraµ sara puttti ha. So patantiµ disv vegena gantv piÊÊhiyaµ nis´dpetv ksato netv sakaÊÊhne y'eva patiÊÊhpesi. Tasm
Tiracchnagat
p'evaµ - sarant upakrakaµ
Na jahant´'ti mantvna - kataè hontu
pnino.
Tato s kumrik satts´tikoÊi - dhanaµ Buddhassane y'eva vapitv yvaj´vaµ s´laµ rakkhitv tato cut suttappabuddho viya devaloke nibbatti.
Atitaruöavay bho
mtugm'pi evaµ
Vividhakusalakammaµ katv saggaµ vajanti
Kusalaphalamahantaµ maamn bhavant
Bhavatha katha'mupekk dnamndikamme.
II. Pn´yadinnassa Vatthu: Story of the Giver of Water
Jambud´pe aatarasmiµ janapade kir'eko manusso raÊÊhato raÊÊhaµ janapadato janapadaµ vicaranto anukkamena Candabhg-nad´t´raµ patv nvaµ abhiruhitv parat´raµ gacchati. Ath'paraµ gabbhinitth´ tya eva'nvya gacchati. Atha nv gaºg-majjh-patta-kle tassa kammaja vt caliµsu. Tato s vijyitu'masakkont´ k´lant pn´yaµ me detha pipsit'mh´' ti manusse yci. Te tass vacanaµ asuöant viya pn´yaµ n'daµsu. Atha so jnapadiko tassa karuöyanto pn´yaµ gahetv mukhe sici. Tasmiµ khaöe s laddhsss sukhena drakaµ vijyi. Atha te t´raµ patv katipaya-divasena attano attano Êhnaµ ppuöiµsu. Ath'parabhge so jnapadiko aatara-kiccaµ paÊicca tass itthiy vasana-gharaµ patv tattha tattha hiö¶anto nivsanaÊÊnaµ alabhitv nagaradvre slaµ gantv tattha nipajji.
Tasmiµ y'eva divase cor nagaraµ pavisitv rjagehe sandhiµ chinditv dhanasraµ gahetv gacchant rjapurisehi anubaddh gantv t y'eva slya cha¶¶etv palyiµsu. Atha rjapuris gantv taµ jnapadikaµ disv - ayaµ coro'ti gahetv pacchbhaµ gÂhaµ bandhitv puna-divase rao dassesuµ.
Ra "Kasm bhaöe, corakamma'ks´" ti pucchito
"N'haµ, deva, coro, gantuko'mhi" ti vutte, rj core pariyesitv alabhanto ayam'eva coro imaµ mreth'ti npesi.
Rjapurisehi taµ gÂhaµ bandhitv ghtaÊÊhnaµ nette s itth´ taµ tatha n´yamnaµ disv sajnitv kampamna haday muhuttena rao santikaµ gantv vanditv, "deva eso na coro gantuko, muccath'etaµ, dev'ti" 'ha. Rj tss kathaµ asaddhahanto yajjetaµ mocetum'icchasi tassagghanakaµ dhanaµ datv mucpeh´'ti.
S "smi mama gehe dhanaµ n'atthi. Api ca me satta-puttehi saddhiµ maµ dsiµ karohi. Etaµ muca dev" ti ha.
III. Duggatassa Dnaµ: A Pauper's Charity
Ahosiµ duggato pubbe -
Bröasi-puruttame
Dnaµ denti nar tattha - nimantetvna bhikkhavo
J´vanto bhatiy so'haµ -
dnaµ dente mahjane
TuÊÊhahaÊÊhe pamudite - evaµ cintes'ahaµ tad
Samuppaööa-vatthlaºkr
- dnaµ dent´ ime jan
Parattha'pi pahaÊÊh'va - sampattim'anubhonti te
Buddhu'ppdo ayaµ
dni - dhammo loke pavattati
Sus´l'dni vattanti - dakkhiöeyy jinoras
AvaÊÊhito'va saµsro -
apy khalu pèrit
Kalyöa-vimukh satt - kmaµ gacchanti
duggatiµ
Idni dukkhito hutv
- j´vmi kasiren'ahaµ
DaÂiddo kapaöo d´no - appabhogo anÂiyo
Idni b´jaµ ropemi -
sukhette sdhu-sammate
App'eva nma ten'haµ - parattha sukhito siy
Iti cintiya bhikkhitv -
bhatiµ katvna 'nekadh
Maö¶apaµ tattha kretv - nimantetvna
bhikkhavo
îysena ads 'ahaµ
- pysaµ amat yaso
Tena kammavipkena - devaloke manorame
Jto'mhi dibbakmehi
- modamno anekadh
D´ghyuko vaööavanto - tejas´'ca ahos'ahaµ.
IV. Sumandeviy Vatthu: Story of Suman Devi
Svatthiyaµ hi devasikaµ Anthapiö¶ikassa gehe dve Bhikkhu-sahassni bhujanti; tath Viskhya mahupsikya. Svatthiya ca yo yo dnaµ dtukmo hoti so so tesaµ ubhiönaµ oksaµ labhitv'va karonti. Kiµ kraö? Tumhkaµ dnaggaµ Anthapiö¶iko v Viskh v gat'ti pucchitv n'gat'ti vutte satasahassaµ vissajjetv katadnam'pi kiµ dnaµ nm'etanti garahanti.
Ubho'pi te Bhikkhusaºghassa ruci ca anucchavikakiccni ca ativiya jnanti. Tesu vicrentesu bhikkhè cittarèpaµ bhujanti. Tasm sabbe dnaµ dtukm te gahetv'va gacchanti. Iti te attano ghare bhikkhè parivisituµ na labhanti.
Tato Viskh "ko nu kho mama Êhne Êhatv bhikkhusaºghaµ parivisissat´" ti upadhrent´ puttassa dh´taraµ disv taµ attano Êhne Êhapesi. S tass nivesane bhikkhusaºghaµ parivisati. Anthapiö¶iko'pi Mahsubhaddaµ nma jeÊÊhadh´taraµ Êhapesi. S bhikkhènaµ veyyvaccaµ karont´ dhammaµ suöant´ sotpann hutv patikulaµ agamsi. Tato Cullasubhaddaµ Êhapesi. S'pi tatth'eva karont´ sotpann hutv patikulaµ gat. Atha Sumandeviµ nma kaöiÊÊhadh´taraµ Êhapesi. S pana Sakadgmiphalaµ patv kumrik'va hutv tathrèpena aphsukhena tur hrupacchedaµ katv pitaraµ daÊÊhukm hutv pakkospesi. So ekasmiµ dnagge tassa ssanaµ sutv'va gantv - "Kiµ amma Sumane'?" ti ha. S'pi naµ ha - "Kiµ tta kiöiÊÊhabhtik"ti.
"Vippalapasi, amma?"
"Na vippalapmi, kaöiÊÊhabhtik" ti.
"Bhyasi, amm" ti.
"Na bhymi, kaöiÊÊhabhtik" ti.
Ettakaµ vatv y'eva pana s klamaksi.
So Sotpanno'pi samno seÊÊhidh´tari uppannasokaµ adhivsetuµ asakkonto Dh´tu sar´rakiccaµ kretv rodanto Satthusantikaµ gantv "Kiµ gahapati dukkh´ dummano assumukho rudamno upagato's´" ti? vutte "Dh´t me bhante Sumandevi klakat" ti ha.
"Atha kasm socasi? Nanu sabbesaµ ekaºsikaµ maraöanti."
"Jnm'etaµ bhante. Evarèp pana me hirottappasampann dh´t s maraöakle satiµ paccupaÊÊhpetuµ asakkont´ vippalamn mat'ti me anappakaµ domanassaµ uppajjati" ti.
"Kiµ pana tay kathitaµ mahseÊÊhi?"
"Ahaµ taµ bhante 'Amma Sumane' 'ti mantesiµ. Atha naµ ha 'Kiµ tta kaöiÊÊhabhtik'ti. Tato 'vippalpasi amm' 'ti? 'Na vippalapm´'ti kaöiÊÊhabhtik' 'ti. 'Bhyasi amm' 'ti? 'Na bhym´'ti kaöiÊÊabhtik' 'ti. Ettakaµ vatv klamkas´" ti.
Atha naµ Bhagav ha. "Na te mahseÊÊhi dh´t vippalap´" ti.
"Atha kasm evam'h?" ti
KaöiÊÊhatt y'eva. Dh´t hi te gahapati maggaphalehi tay mahallik. Tvaµ hi Sotpanno. Dh´t pana te Sakadgmini. S maggaphalehi mahallikatt evam'h" ti.
"Evaµ bhante!"
"Evaµn gahapati!"
"Idni kuhiµ nibbatt, bhante?"
Tusitabhavane gahapat´'ti vutte bhante mama dh´t idh taknaµ antare nandamn, vicaritv ito gantv'pi nandanaÊÊhne y'eva nibbatt."
Atha naµ satth "îma gahapati appamatt nma gahaÊÊh v pabbajit v idha loke ca paraloke ca nandanti y'ev"ti vatv imaµ gtham'ha.
Idha nandati pecca nandati -
katapuo ubhayattha nandati
Puaµ me katan ti nandati - bh´yyo nandati suggatiµ
gato.
V. Selections from Dhammapada
Na hi verena verni -
sammant´'dha kudcanaµ
Averena ca sammanti - esa dhammo sanantano.
Yath agraµ
ducchannaµ - vuÊÊhi samativijjhati
Evaµ abhvitaµ cittaµ - rgo samativijjhati.
Yath'graµ
succhannaµ - vuÊÊhi na samativijjhati
Evaµ subhvitaµ cittaµ - rgo na samativijjhati.
Idha socati pecca socati -
ppakr´ ubhayattha socati
So socati so vihaati - disv
kamma-kiliÊÊha'mattano.
Idha modati pecca modati -
katapuo ubhayattha modati
So modati so pamodati - disv kamma-visuddhi'mattano.
Idha tappati pecca tappati -
ppakr´ ubhayattha tappati
Ppaµ me katan'ti tappati - bh´yo tappati duggatiµ gato.
Idha nandati pecca nandati -
katapuo ubhayattha nandati
Puaµ me katan'ti nandati - bh´yo nandati suggatiµ
gato.
Appamdo amatapadaµ -
pamdo maccuno padaµ
Appamatt na m´yanti - ye pamatt yath
mat.
Appamdena maghav -
devnaµ seÊÊhataµ gato
Appamdaµ pasaºsanti - pamdo garahito sad.
Aciraµ vata'yaµ kyo -
paÊhaviµ adhisessati
Chuddho apeta-viöo - niratthaµ'va
kaÂiºgaraµ.
Yath'pi bhamaro pupphaµ
- vaööagandhaµ aheÊhayaµ
PaÂeti rasa'mdya - evaµ gme mun´ care.
Na paresaµ vilomni - na
paresaµ kat'kataµ
Attano'va avekkheyya - katni akatni ca.
Yath'pi
puppharsimh - kayir mlguöe bahè
Evaµ jtena maccena - kattabbaµ kusalaµ bahuµ.
Madhè'va maat´
blo - yva ppaµ na paccati
Yad ca paccati ppaµ - atha blo dukkhaµ
nigacchati.
Selo yath ekaghano -
vtena na sam´rati
Evaµ nind-pasaµssu - na samijanti
paö¶it.
Na attahetu na parassa hetu -
na putta'micche na dhanaµ na raÊÊhaµ
Na iccheyya adhammena samiddhi'mattano - sa s´lav
paav dhammiko siy.
Yo sahassaµ sahassena -
saºgme mnuse jine
Ekaµ ca jeyya attnaµ - save saºgmaj'uttamo.
Sabbe tasanti daö¶assa -
sabbe bhyanti maccuno
Attnaµ upamaµ katv - na haöeyya na ghtaye.
Sabbe tasanti daö¶assa -
sabbesaµ j´vitaµ piyaµ
Attnaµ upamaµ katv na haöeyya na ghtaye.
Dhammaµ care sucaritaµ - na
taµ duccaritaµ care
Dhammacr´ sukhaµ seti - asmiµ loke paramhi ca.
Kiccho manussa paÊilbho
- kicchaµ macchna j´vitaµ
Kicchaµ saddhammasavaöaµ - kiccho buddhnaµ uppdo.
Sabbappassa akaraöaµ -
kusalassa upasampad
Sacitta pariyodapanaµ - etaµ Buddhna ssanaµ.
Yo ca Buddha ca
dhamma ca - saºgha ca saraöaµ gato
Cattri ariya-saccni - samma'ppaya
passati.
Dukkhaµ dukkhasamuppdaµ
- dukkhassa ca atikkamaµ
AriyacaÊÊhaºgikaµ maggaµ - dukkhèpasamagminaµ.
Etaµ kho saraöaµ khemaµ -
etaµ saraöa'muttamaµ
Etaµ saraöa'mgamma - sabbadukkh pamuccati.
Na c'hu na ca bhavissati
- na cetarahi vijjati
Ekantaµ nindito poso - ekantaµ v pasaµsito.
Na tena paöito hoti -
yvat bahu bhsati
Khem´ avero abhayo - paöito'ti pavuccati.
Na tvat dhammadharo
- yvat bahu bhsati
Yo ca appam'pi sutvna - dhammaµ kyena passati
Save dhammadharo hoti - yo dhammaµ na'ppamajjati.
Akataµ dukkataµ seyyo -
pacch tapati dukkataµ
Kata ca sukataµ seyyo - yaµ katv nnutappati.
Sukhaµ yva jar
s´laµ - sukh saddh patiÊÊhit
Sukho paya paÊilbho - ppnaµ
akaraöaµ sukhaµ.
Sabbadnaµ
dhammadnaµ jinti - sabbaµ rasaµ dhammarasaµ
jinti
Sabbaµ ratiµ dhammaratiµ jinti - taöhakkhayo sabba
dukkhaµ jinti.
Cakkhun saµvaro
sdhu - sdhu sotena saµvaro
Ghöena saµvaro sdhu - sdhu jivhya
saµvaro.
Kyena saµvaro sdhu
- sdhu vcya saµvaro
Manas saµvaro sdhu - sdhu sabbattha saµvaro
Sabbattha saµvuto bhikkhu - sabbadukkh pamuccati.
Dhammrmo dhammarato
- dhammaµ anuvicintayaµ
Dhammaµ anussaraµ bhikkhu - saddhamm na parihyati.
Yassa kyena
vcya - manas n'atthi dukkataµ
Saµvutaµ t´hi Êhnehi - tam'ahaµ brèmi
brhmaöaµ.
VI.
Mano pubbaºgam
dhamm - mano seÊÊh manomay
Manas ce paduÊÊhena - bhsati v karoti v
Tato naµ dukkham'anveti - cakkaµ'va vahato padaµ.
Mano pubbaºgam
dhamm - manoseÊÊh manomay
Manas ce pasannena - bhsati v karoti v
Tato naµ sukham'anveti - chy'va anapyin´.
In prose form :-
Dhamm mano pubbaºgam (honti), mano seÊÊh
(honti), manomay (honti), (Yo) ce paduÊÊhena manas
bhsati v karoti v, tato dukkhaµ naµ anveti
cakkaµ vahato padaµ iva.
Dhamm mano pubbaºgam (honti), mano seÊÊh (honti), manomay (honti), (Yo) ce psannena manas bhsati v karoti v, tato sukhaµ naµ anveti anapyin´ chy iva.
Dhamm-dhara, to hold or support. suffix mma. states or conditions.
Pubbaºgam - pubba + µ + gam = going before.
ManoseÊÊh - mana + seÊÊha. - When words of the mano group are compounded with another word, the final vowel is changed into 'o'.
Manomay - This is a Nominal Derivative (Taddihita) formed from mana and suffix 'maya' which means made of.
PaduÊÊhena - pa + dusa, to defile, pollute. This is the Perfect Participle of 'padusa'. Here the suffix 'ta' is changed into 'ÊÊha'. Comp. diÊÊha from disa, to see; naÊÊha from nasa, to perish; daÊÊha from daºsa, to sting; iÊÊha from isu, to wish.
Bhsati - Present tense of bhsa, to speak.
Karoti - Present tense of kara, to do.
Anveti - anu + eti The present tense of 'i'', to go. Here 'u' is changed into 'v'.
Cakkaµ'va Cakkaµ + iva, This is a Sandhi formed by dropping the following vowel.
Vahato - The Genitive case of 'vahanta', from 'vaha', to carry.
Pasannena - The Perfect Participle of 'pa', + 'sada', to be pleased. Here the suffix 'ta' is changed into 'nna'. Comp. 'bhinna', from bhidi, to break; chinna from chidi, to cut; channa from chada, to cover.
Anapyin´ - Na + apyin´. Here na is changed into 'an'. Apyin´ is formed from apa + aya, to go.